Demographia

Air Pollution Intensity in International Cities:
Annual Metric Tons per Square Mile: 1990/1

Area Urban Area Population per Square Mile NOx CO VOC
Asia Bangkok 38,699 139 3,274 898
Asia Hong Kong 77,890 623 1,963 187
Asia Jakarta 44,271 717 2,554 412
Asia Kuala Lampur 15,215 170 1,369 347
Asia Manila 51,322 472 3,464 575
Asia Seoul 87,334 777 2,515 314
Asia Surabaja 45,852 142 1,926 536
Asia Tokyo 27,073 119 387 54
Australia Adelaide 3,059 56 514 65
Australia Brisbane 2,540 75 476 63
Australia Melbourne 3,862 70 692 88
Australia Perth 2,748 56 514 65
Australia Sydney 4,355 103 901 98
Canada Toronto 10,757 290 1,728 233
Europe Amsterdam 12,649 162 433 72
Europe Brussels 19,414 324 1,279 200
Europe Copenhagen 13,912 99 815 47
Europe Frankfurt 12,079 243 824 146
Europe Hamburg 10,316 132 552 86
Europe London 10,964 180 1,064 186
Europe Paris 11,949 127 816 240
Europe Stockholm 13,764 245 2,857 367
Europe Vienna 17,703 74 885 92
Europe Zurich 12,208 148 396 105
United States Boston 3,110 79 693 69
United States Chicago 4,303 89 794 86
United States Denver 3,318 64 783 70
United States Detroit 3,318 82 818 82
United States Houston 2,462 65 68 68
United States Los Angeles 5,800 115 1,050 125
United States New York 4,977 106 931 102
United States Phoenix 2,722 59 452 64
United States San Francisco 4,147 88 813 90
United States Washington 3,551 78 653 73
Average 17,284 187 1,155 185
Based upon data in Jeffrey R. Kenworthy, Felix B. Laube and others, An International Sourcebook of Automobile Dependence in Cities: 1960-1990 and other sources.
NOX=Nitrogen Oxides CO=Carbon Monoxide VOC=Volatile Organic Compounds (US Environmental Protection Agency Criteria Pollutants)

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