Demographia

Urban Development,
Smart Growth & New Urbanism:
Transport

Cost of Public Transport & Driving from 1960: USA (20040703)

Japan Travel Market Share: 1990-2004 (20080229)
Australia: Public Transport Greenhouse Emissions Similar to Cars (20071031) Land Passenger Transport in Australia: Greenhouse Gas Emissions per Passenger KM (20071030)
Automobile Use Trend: Australia Capital Cities (20071021)

US Public Transport: Expenditures, Subsidies & Passengers from 1960 (20070909)
Outside New York More Work at Home than Use Transit (20061211)
Commuting by Public Transport & Working at Home: USA (20061211)
Outside New York More Work at Home than Use Transit: Commentary (20061211)
Traffic Intensity: US Urban Areas: 2005 (20061128)

Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled per Capita: US Urban Areas: 2005 (20061128)
Change in Travel: Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto: 1990-2002 (20060927)
China Motorway System (Freeway System): Summmary(20061128)
Delhi Metro Rider Subsidy More than India Per Capita Income(20061030)
Dump the Rhetoric: Transit's Misleading Public Relations Barrage (20060603)

Australia & European Union (EU15) Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Comparisons (20051208)
Freeway Access and Capacity: USA, Canada, Australia & New Zealand Urban Areas (20050720)
Freeway Access and Capacity: Major Urban Areas in High-Income World (20050720)
USA Road & Mass Transit Market Shares: Urban Areas Over 500,000: Estimated 2002 (20050402)
London (GLA) Boroughs Commuting Distance and Geographical Size (20050507)
Southeast England New Towns Commuting Distance and Urban Area Geographical Size (20050109)

Overselling Local Street Grids - Commentary by Wendell Cox (20050603)
How Leasing New Cars is Less Expensive than Rail: Heritage Foundation Commentary (20050516)

Transit Oriented Development: St. Louis Eastside Line (20041214)
Answer to Chicago Transit Authority Woes: W. Cox Chicago Sun-Times Oped (20041112)
Unsustainable Chicago Transit Authority: W. Cox Chicago Tribune Oped (20041112)
USA Work Trip Travel Time by Density: All 5,949 Places in Metropolitan Areas Over 1,000,000 (20041030)
USA Work Trip Travel Time by Density: All 9,105 Places in Metropolitan Areas (20041030)

Washington Metro Quarter Century: Billions for Transit & More Congestion (20041011)
Washington DC Metro: Impact on Traffic Into Core (20041011)
Japan Public Transport Market Share Index (20040718)
Former Municipality of Tokyo (23 Wards): Transport Market Share by Mode (20040718)
Suburban Tokyo: Transport Market Share by Mode (20040718)

Tokyo-Yokohama: Transport Market Share by Mode (20040718)
Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto: Transport Market Share by Mode (20040718)
Greater Mobility Opportunity Program: Frequently Asked Questions (20040711)
Greater Mobility Opportunity Program: Cost Estimates (20040707)
"Why Not Just Buy Them Cars:" Frequently Asked Questions (20040711)

"Why Not Just Buy Them Cars:" Cost Estimates (20040707)
Cost Estimates: Conversion of Transit Subsidies to Auto Subsidies for Low Income Riders (20040707)
Time to Give Transit Riders Cars? (20040706)
The Freeways/Urban Decline Myth: Collision of Theory and Reality (20040706)
Transit More than 15X Federal Highway User Fees than Highways (20040705)

Federal Highway User Fees: Highway & Transit Use per Passenger Mile (20040705)
US Public Transport Financial Performance Since 1970 (20040705)
Cost of Public Transport 4-Times Cars in USA (20040703)
Cost of Public Transport & Driving from 1960: USA (20040703)
2004: Another British Rail (National Rail) Passenger Record (20040701)

Transit & Soundwall Spending Deosn't Reduce Traffic Congestion (20030534)
USA Urban Areas Ranked by Change in Traffic Congestion: 1986-2001 (20040214)
USA Mass Transit Cost Rise Exceeds Medicine, Education (20040213)
USA Mass Transit Expenditures in Context: 1970-2002 (20040213)
USA Mass Transit Market Market Share 1.1 Percent Outside New York (20040210)

USA Mass Transit Market Market Share Data: 1945-2002 (20040210)
USA Mass Transit Market Share Nears All-Time Low in 2002 (20040210)
50% Increase in Transit Market Share Would Shave 22 Seconds Off Commute (20040214)
The Contribution of Transit to Traffic Relief (with Randal O'Toole, at Heritage Foundation) (20040214)
Houston Traffic Congestion Alone in Decline Among 75 Urban Areas: 1986-2001 (20040214)

Portland Traffic Congestion Rises Most of 75 Urban Areas: 1986-2001 (20040214)
USA Urban Areas Ranked by Change in Traffic Congestion: 1986-2001 (20040214)
Shortest & Longest Work Trip Travel Time: USA Metropolitan Areas By Size: 2000 (20040207)
Work Trip Travel Time: USA Metropolitan Areas: 2000 (20040207)
Where Rail Transit Works and Why (20031220)
Blackout Lesson: Keep the Gas Tank Full (20031220)

Air Pollution Trends in Canada: 1980-2000 (20031209)
Urban Rail & Traffic Congestion (20031206)
Challenge: Public Transport v. Highway Costs (20031114)
Challenge: Transportation Choice (Auto-Competitive Transit) (20031114)
International Urban Areas: Transport & the Environment

Where Urban Rail Works & Why (20031110)
Ville et transports: le temps de la reconciliation? Paris Lecture (20030719)

San Francisco Area Trafffic Intensity: City v. Outside (20030814)
Blackout 2003 Lesson: Keep the Gas Tank Full: Planetizen Oped (20030820)
The Illusion of Transporation Choice: Service for the Elites - The Public Purpose #68 (20030706)
The Illusion of Transporation Choice: Veritas Article (20030816)
Induced Traffic: Setting the Record Straight (20031220)

Comment les evenements du 11 septembre ont influence les transports americains? Paris Lecture (20030719)
If Money Grew on Trees.. Flyvbjerg on Infrastructure Lying - The Public Purpose #67 (20030706)
The Solution for Portland: More and More Highways (20030610)
More and More Traffic: Reconciling Smart Growth and Traffic: The Public Purpose #63 (20030610)
Mag-Lev: Time for a Decent Burial: The Public Purpose #62 (20030610)

Presentation to Greater Toronto Area Transport Summit (20030418)
US Public Transport 1990-2000 Metropolitan Market Analysis (20011226)
The Public Purpose #61: Reauthorization: What's the Point? (20030610)
The Public Purpose #60: Loss of 177 Light Rail Projects Threatens L.A. Transportation Funding (20030606)
Higher Consumer Expenditures Where Densities are Higher (20030508)

Cost of Smart Growth Revisited (20030508)
The Public Purpose #57: How Higher Density Makes Traffic & Air Pollution Worse (20030513)
South American Daily Busway Ridership Compared to US Rail Ridership (20030519)
South American Daily Busway Ridership Compared to US Transit Ridership (20030519)
The Public Purpose #58: Transit: The Politician's Best Friend (20030517)

Cost of Driving: USA: 1999 (20030227)
London on the Eve of Congestion Charging (20030215)
Anti-Sprawl Policies: Hazardous to Our Wealth (20030116)
Auto Competitive Transit Service? Not Even in a Snow Storm (20030125)
Houston Chronicle's Vast Light Rail Conspiracy? (20030127)

Taken for a Ride: Parsons Brinckerhoff Expose (20030129)
Good Riddance to Maryland's Glendenning Dogma (20030116)
Massive Freeway Expansion Associated with Below Average Increase in Pheonix Roadway Use (20030108)
Automobile & Public Transport Fuel Efficiency Nearly Equal in 1999: USA (20021123)
Public Transport & Automobile Fuel Efficiency: USA 1999 (20021123)

Neighborhood Walkabity Balance Index: US Metropolitan Areas (20020812)
Traffic and Density (20020617)
US Urban Area Traffic Volumes & Highway Capacity
US Urban Area Daily Travel & Highway Capacity: 1999 (20020518)
US Urban Area Lane Miles per Capita: 1999 (20020518)

Vers le démantèlement d’Amtrak? (20020508
Les transports publics aux Etats-Unis (20020508
Breach of Faith: Light Rail and Smart Growth in Charlotte (20020209)
Amtrak Reform Council Action Plan Press Release (20020207)
Amtrak Reform Council Action Plan Executive Summary (20020207)

Amtrak Reform Council Action Plan (20020207)
Wendell Cox Amtrak Commentary on National Review Online (20020206)
Amtrak Reform Council Action Plan: Wendell Cox Concurring Statement (20020206)
Public Transport Market Share: CBD & Outside: US Metros (010125)
Traffic Intensity by International Urban Area-1990 (200101004)

US Metropolitan Commuter Income by CBD Market Share (010125)
Travel Time by Mode: 32 Large US Central Business Districts & Other (010125)
Income by Mode: 32 Large US Central Business Districts & Other (010125)

Traffic Density by World Geographical Area (20020122)
L'unica soluzione: le strade più veloci, Oped by Wendell Cox (20020121)
The Illusion of Transit Choice (20011226)
Smart Growth: Delusion not Vision: Cox Closing RAILVOLUTION Debate Statement (20011219)

Urban Form & Transport in the US: International Perspective (20011210)
Induced Traffic: Setting the Record Straight Environment & Climate News (June) (20010930)
How Smart Growth Causes Traffic Congestion Environment & Climate News (July) (20010930)
St. Louis: More Work at Home than Ride Transit (20011121)
Portland Freeways More Congested than Seattle (20011121)

Traffic per Freeway Lane Mile: US Urbanized Areas 2000 (20011121)
Portland Traffic Density Exceeds Seattle (20011121)
Traffic Density: US Urbanized Areas 2000 (20011121)
St. Louis Transit Market Share Down 38% Despite Light Rail (20011121)
US Air Pollution from Autos & Light Trucks: 1970-1999 (20011102)

US Energy Intensity by Mode: 1999 (20011102)
Bus Rapid Transit Less Expensive & Faster than Light Rail: USGAO (200101003)
US Government Accounting Office: Bus Rapid Transit Shows Promise (20010930)
Overselling Transit: Go Transit Appears to Miss by 665 Percent (20010930)

US Journey to Work Times Less Where More Sprawl (20010909)
US Urbanized Area Journey to Work Time by Population Density: 1990 (20010909)
Us Urbanized Area Journey to Work Times Less Where Sprawl Greater (20010909)
International Journey to Work Times Less Where Sprawl Greater (20010909)
International Journey to Work Times by Population Density (20010909)

Sic Transit Light Rail: Wendell Cox Column in The Weekly Standard (000721)
Downtown Dallas Vacancies High Despite Light Rail (000527)
Journey from Rail to Reality in Los Angeles: Oped
How Smart Growth Intensifies Traffic Congestion & Air Pollution (001020)
So-Called "Smart Growth" No Answer to Los Angeles Traffic

Downtown St. Louis Employment Up, Transit Market Share Down
How Urban Density Intensifies Traffic and Air Pollution: Perspective (001020)
US Personal Vehicle Travel by Density (001107)
Atlanta Roadway Building Rate Slower Per Capita than Portland
Higher Densities Mean Higher Transit Costs (000330)

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Demographia is "pro-choice" with respect to urban development.
People should have the freedom to live and work where and how they like.
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